One end of a metal rod is dipped in boiling water and the other is dipped in melting ice.
(a) All parts of the rod are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
(b) We can assign a temperature to the rod.
(c) We can assign a temperature to the rod after steady state is reached
(d) The state of the rod does not change after steady state is reached
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One end of a metal rod is dipped in boiling water and the other is dipped in melting ice, Then the state of the rod does not change after steady state is reached.
Explanation:
- Heat transfer takes place from the hot rod's end to the cold end of the rod by thermal conductivity.
- Over time, the rod temperature rises from the tip immersed in boiling water to the melting point until it reaches equilibrium with the environment.
- The steady state temperature of the rod is variable and constant, with maximum immersion in boiling water at the end and minimal immersion in melting ice.
- Balance means the system is stable. Therefore, not all macroscopic variables describing systemic changes change over time.
- Therefore, after reaching equilibrium, the temperature of the bar becomes constant, but its value varies depending on the place.
Therefore the correct answer is Option (d) The state of the rod does not change after steady state is reached.
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