Very short essay on raja ram mohan roy in hindi
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वे इस समाज एवं शताब्दी के ऐसे निर्माता थे, जिन्होंने उन सब बाधाओं को दूर किया, जो हमारी प्रगति के मार्ग में बाधक थीं । वे मानवतावाद के सच्चे पुजारी थे । उन्हें पुनर्जागरण व सुधारवाद का प्रथम प्रर्वतक कहा जाता है ।
राजाराममोहन राय का जन्म बंगाल के राधानगर में 22 मई सन् 1772 को हुआ था । उनके तीन विवाह हुए थे; क्योंकि दुर्भाग्यवश उनकी पूर्व पत्नियों का देहावसान हो गया था । 16 वर्ष की अवस्था में उन्होंने प्रचलित अन्धविश्वासों पर एक निबन्ध लिखा था । राजाराममोहन राय बहुविवाह एवं बालविवाह के कट्टर विरोधी थे । वे ईस्ट इण्डिया कम्पनी के राजस्व विभाग में नौकरी करते थे ।
सन् 1809 में कलेक्टर के दीवान बन गये । जब वे रंगपुर में नियुक्त थे, तो वहां उन्हें अनेक धर्मावलम्बी मिले, जिनके बीच विचार गोष्ठियों के आधार पर ब्रह्मसमाज की नींव पड़ी । 1812 में उन्होंने सती प्रथा को समाप्त करने का संकल्प लिया ।
1814 में नौकरी से त्यागपत्र दे दिया । राजाराममोहन राय हिन्दू धर्म में मूर्तिपूजा, बहुविवाह, बाल विवाह, सती प्रथा, अनमेल विवाह के बोलबाले से काफी दुखी थे । इस बीच उन्होंने वेदान्त-सूत्र उपनिषद का बंगला अनुवाद किया । 1823 में हिन्दू नारी के अधिकारों का हनन नामक पुस्तक लिखी, जिसमें यह मांग की गयी कि हिन्दू नारी को अपने पति की सम्पत्ति में हिस्सा मिलना चाहिए ।
1827 में वर्ण व्यवस्था के विरुद्ध वजसूचि नामक पुस्तक लिखी । राजाराममोहन राय ने हिन्दू कॉलेज की स्थापना की । इस कार्य में उन्हें सर एडवर्ड व डेविड हाल तथा हरिहरानन्द का साथ भी मिला । यद्यपि हरिहरानन्द संन्यासी थे, तथापि उन्होंने हिन्दू समाज के लिए बहुत कुछ किया
At the beginning of 19th century, India was plagued by various social evils such as Sati pratha, Caste system, Religious superstitions etc. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the first person who recognized these inhuman practices and decided to fight against the same. He is considered as the architect of Indian Renaissance and father of modern India.
Ram Mohan Roy was born on 22 May 1772 in Radhanagar, Hugli district of Bengal. His father was Ramakant Roy and mother Trivani Devi; father was at a very good position in the court of the then Nawab of Bengal. He got his education at Patna and Varanasi. He also worked in the East India Company from 1803 to 1814. Belonging to a traditional Brahmin family, Roy was married off at a very young age and before attaining the age of ten he was married trice.
He died of meningitis in Bristol, England on 27 September, 1833.
Work and Reforms:
Raja Ram Mohan Roy was very open minded and was of very questioning brains. He was very much influenced by western progressive thoughts. He was also well versed in the teachings of various religions. He was influenced by monotheism of Islam, Mysticism of Sufi philosophy, Ethics and morals of Christianity and Vedanta philosophy of Upanishad.
His main focus was towards the evils which had surrounded the Hindu society of the times, such as:
He criticized idol worship of Hindus and tried to prove his point through the verses of Vedas.
But the main contribution for which Raja Ram Mohan Roy is still remembered was his relentless efforts in abolishing the practice of Sati Pratha.
Ram Mohan Roy got involved in fighting against it when his elder brother died and his sister-in-law was made a Sati. He began a movement to abolish this barbaric custom and for that purpose he persuaded the British Government to pass an Act abolishing Sati Pratha; the Bengal Sati Regulation Act, 1829 was passed by Lord William Bentinck, the then Governor General of Bengal.
On August 20, 1828, Raja Ram Mohan Roy established the Brahma Samaj, which later became the Brahmo Samaj, an organization and a movement with the objectives of promoting monotheism, criticizing idol worshiping; opposing wide spread Brahmanism and uplifting the pitiful condition of women etc.
Other Important Works:
In 1820, he published a book named Percepts of Jesus: The Guide to Peace and Happiness; in this book Ram Mohan Roy explained the simplicity and morality of Christian religion.
He also started publishing two newspapers viz. Samvad Kaumudi and Prgya Chaand in the year 1821 to spread his ideas and views to the common people.
He also started a Persian newspaper viz.
Apart from these, Roy also helped in the establishment of one Vedanta College and the Hindu College in Calcutta.
Contribution to the Society:
Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s work and efforts gave the first touch of modern ideas for India which was reeling under the dual burden of age-old social ills and British exploitation. His spreading of modern ideas was also perhaps the nascent beginning of long struggle of India’s Independence. Thus, his contribution is like a bed-stone in the making of modern Indian.