Question

what are pions and kaons ?
☣ CONTENT QUALITY IS REQUIRED ☣

Answer 1

Koan is any of a group of four mesons distinguished by a quantum number called strangeness. In the quark model they are understood to be bound state of a strange quark( or antiquark) and an up or down antiquark ( or quark).

Strangeness: 1

Composition: K+ : u; s; K0: d; s; /; s; d; K -: s; u

Mass: K+/-: 493.677+/-0.013 MeV/c^2; K0: 497.648+/-0.022 MeV/c^2

Electric charge: K+/-:+/-1 e; K0: 0 e

I will send about Pion in the comments

Answer 2

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Pions and kaons are, along with protons and neutrons, the main building blocks of nuclear matter. They are connected to the Goldstone modes of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking, the mechanism thought to generate all hadron mass in the visible universe. The distribution of the fundamental constituents, the quarks and gluons, is expected to be different in pions, kaons, and nucleons. However, experimental data are sparse. As a result, there has been persistent doubt about the behaviour of the pion's valence quark structure function at large Bjorken-$x$ and virtually nothing is known about the contribution of gluons. The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) with an acceptance optimized for forward physics could provide access to structure functions over a larger kinematic region. This would allow for measurements testing if the origin of mass is encoded in the differences of gluons in pions, kaons, and nucleons, and measurements that could serve as a test of assumptions used in the extraction of structure functions and the pion and kaon form factors. Furthermore, measurements at an EIC would also allow to explore the effect of gluons at high x.