Why does a matchstick catch fire when rubbed on the rough surface of the box?.
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Answer:
The striking surface of the matchbox contains red phosphorus and the head of the matchstick contains potassium chlorate. So when the matchstick is rubbed on the matchbox, some of the red phosphorus is converted to white phosphorus, a chemical i.e. so volatile that it ignites in air.
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Answer:
On rubbing the match stick in the rough surface, the friction converts this work into heat. The heat raises the temperature of the chemical present on the match stick head to its ignition temperature. Due to this the chemical substance catches fire and the match stick starts burning.
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