Question

Why is proinsulin so called? How is insulin different from it?

Answer 1

Insulin is the hormone in our body that allows glucose (sugar) to get into the cells of our body that need glucose for energy. Produced in the pancreas, insulin is considered the “most powerful” hormone in the body.

Proinsulin is a protein molecule that serves as a precursor hormone, or prohormone, to insulin. Insulin is produced by the beta cells, which are pancreatic cells located in the islets of Langerhans, specifically through the cleavage of proinsulin by enzymes called protease. This cleavage process is important because measurement of the cleavage products can help doctors predict the actual amount of insulin production by the pancreas.

Answer 2

Proinsulin And Insulin

Explanation:

1. Proinsulin is a protein that serves as a hormone or prohormone from the insulin that contains A, B, and C peptide chain.
2. Where is insulin contains A, and B peptide, it is functional.it is made up two polypeptide chains A and B linked by disulphate bridges.
3. Proinsulin is along with the polypeptide chains in insulin.
4. It contained an extra stretch called C peptide, it is non-functional.
5. In the islet of Langerhans, insulin accumulates in secretory vesicles as a single polypeptide chain, it is called  Proinsulin.
6. There are several strategies for producing insulin from bacteria, but most of successful is to synthesized  A and B separately and then join them together.