Write down the incidents that happened between 1893 to 1930 during the non-corporation movement
Answers
★ Incidents happened between 1893 to 1930 during the non-corporation movement:
▪ 1893: Mahatma Gandhi went to South Africa for some legal work.
▪ 1915: Gandhiji returned to India.
▪ 1917: Gandhiji launched Satyagraha in Champaran.
▪ 1918: Farmers began the No-tax movement at Kheda in Gujarat.
▪ 1919: 17th March - Rowlatt Act passed.
▪ 1919: 19th April - Jallianwala Baug Massacre
▪ 1920: The regions of the Indian National Congress were given to Mahatma Gandhi.
▪ 1922: February, Charuri-Chaura incident in Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh.
▪ 1922: 12th Feb, Gandhiji suspended the Non-co-operation movement.
▪ 1922: Swaraj Party was established.
▪ 1928: Simon Commission arrived in India.
▪ 1929: Resolution passed to celebrate 26th January as Independence day.
▪ 1930: People took a pledge to carry on the freedom movement with non-violence
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━⠀
☁ Explanations:
⠀
▪ 1893:
- Mahatma Gandhi went to South Africa for some legal work.
Mahatma Gandhi went to South Africa for some legal work in 1893.
⠀
▪ 1915:
- Gandhiji returned to India.
On 9th January 1915, Gandhiji returned to India from South Africa.
⠀
▪ 1917:
- Gandhiji launched Satyagraha in Champaran.
He made a tour of the entire nation. He became sad looking at the misery & poverty of the people. He took up the vow of service to the nation. He stayed at the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad & followed a new technique of Satyagraha to gain justice for the common people.
Philosophy of Satyagraha: Gandhiji brought in the novel technique of satyagraha. Satyagraha means insistence of ruth. The aim of satyagraha is to make an unjust person aware of ruth & justice & thus, bring about a transformation in his views. A person following satyagraha should never use violence & untruthful means.
⠀
▪ 1918:
- Farmers began the No-tax movement at Kheda in Gujarat.
Due to constant famines, the crops had failed in the Kheda district of Gujarat. Even then, the government had compelled the farmers to pay the land tax. Gandhiji suggested that the farmers should not pay the tax. The farmers started a no-tax movement in the Kheda district in 1918.
⠀
▪ 1919:
- 17th March - Rowlatt Act passed.
Rowlatt Act: The Rowlatt Act gave the policemen the allowance to arrest anybody without any warrant or imprison without any trial. The Indians became fumed in anger, they called this act as ‘Black Act’. The movement that aroused against the Rowlatt Act took over a fierce form in the province of Punjab. Amritsar became the main center of this movement. The government prohibited Gandhiji from entering the province of Punjab.
- 19th April - Jallianwala Baug Massacre
All public meetings were banned in Amritsar assembled at Jallianwala Baug on 13th April 1919. The place was enclosed from all sides & had only one small gate. General Dyer ordered his army to fire at the people. In the massacre, about 400 people including men & women. After firing, curfew was announced & hence the injured could not get immediate treatment.
⠀
▪ 1920:
- The regions of the Indian National Congress were given to Mahatma Gandhi.
In the Indian national movement, the period from 1920 to 1947 is known as the ‘Gandhian era’. After the death of Lokmanya Tilak, the reigns of national movement went into the hands of Mahatma Gandhi.
⠀
▪ 1922:
- February, Charuri-Chaura incident in Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh.
On Feb 1922, the police fired on a peaceful procession at Chauri Chaura in Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh.
- 12th Feb, Gandhiji suspended the Non-co-operation movement.
The people were angry & set fire to the police station in which 22 policemen with one officer were killed. Gandhiji was hurt. Hence, he decided to suspend the Non-co-operation as it was taking a step towards violence.
- Swaraj Party was established.
The members of the Indian National Congress put up the idea of contesting elections & obstructing the work of the British government.
⠀
▪ 1928:
- Simon Commission arrived in India.
The reforms introduced by the Montague Chelmsford Act of 1919 were unsatisfactory. There was discontent among Indian people. On this background, the British appointed a commission under the chairmanship of Sir John Simon. In this commission, none of the Indian members were included. In 1928, the commission arrived in India.
⠀
▪ 1929:
- The Resolution passed to celebrate 26th January as Independence day.
On 31st December 1929, Pandit Nehru unfurled the tricolor flag & a resolution was passed in which 26 January was declared to be celebrated as Independence Day.
⠀
▪ 1930:
- People took a pledge to carry on the freedom movement with non-violence.
On 26 January 1930, people all over the country took a pledge for carrying out the freedom movement with non-violent means for the attainment of independence of India.
_________________________
Hope I didn't miss any step :) ✨