Describe completely the The Human Brain
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The forebrain is considered as the most important part of brain because, on account of its functioning, it distinguishes human from other animals. This part is responsible for processing sensory information, collected by different sensory organs, such as eyes, nose, ears, tongue and skin. It is further divided into two parts, namely, diencephalon and telencephalon. The diencephalon contains thalamus and hypothalamuswhich control sensory and autonomic processes. Telencephalon contains the biggest part of brain, called cerebrum.
Midbrain – Mediating between Hindbrain and Forebrain:
The midbrain acts as a bridge to transmit signals from hindbrain and forebrain. These signals mostly come from the senses of touch and hearing, collected by the specialized organs, i.e. skin and ears, respectively. The upper part of the midbrain is called optic tectum, which serves to integrate visionary and auditory data.
Hindbrain – Control Center for Visceral Functions:
The hindbrain can be further divided into 3 parts: medulla oblongata, pons and cerebellum. The main function of this human brain structure is to control certain visceral functions in body (including heart rate, breathing and blood pressure). Looking at the tasks assigned to pons, it serves to monitor the sleep and waking up functions while working in coordination with other parts of the nervous system. The cerebellum co-ordinates the movements of arms and legs and also plays a role in processing the sensory information that it receives from visual and auditory systems.
Midbrain – Mediating between Hindbrain and Forebrain:
The midbrain acts as a bridge to transmit signals from hindbrain and forebrain. These signals mostly come from the senses of touch and hearing, collected by the specialized organs, i.e. skin and ears, respectively. The upper part of the midbrain is called optic tectum, which serves to integrate visionary and auditory data.
Hindbrain – Control Center for Visceral Functions:
The hindbrain can be further divided into 3 parts: medulla oblongata, pons and cerebellum. The main function of this human brain structure is to control certain visceral functions in body (including heart rate, breathing and blood pressure). Looking at the tasks assigned to pons, it serves to monitor the sleep and waking up functions while working in coordination with other parts of the nervous system. The cerebellum co-ordinates the movements of arms and legs and also plays a role in processing the sensory information that it receives from visual and auditory systems.
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Human Brain
The brain is the main coordinating centre of the body. It is a part of the nervous system, which controls and monitors every organ of the body.
The nervous system is divided into - central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS consists of the brain and spinal chord while the PNS consists of the nerves that connect the central nervous system to different parts of the body.
The central nervous system receives information from all parts of the body and also sends information to the muscles. Communication between the CNSand body parts is facilitated by the nerves of PNS.
Different regions of the brain
The brain is divisible into three main regions—forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain.
Forebrain
It is the main thinking part of the brain. It consists of the cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus.
The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and constitutes four-fifth of its weight. The forebrain has sensory regions, which receive sensory impulses from various receptors. It also has motor regions, which control the movement of various muscles such as leg muscles. There are separate areas in the forebrain specialized for hearing, smelling, seeing, general sensations such as pain, touch, taste, etc. A certain part of the cerebrum primarily controls intelligence, learning, memory, thinking, and the ability to articulate speech. The forebrain is also known as the main thinking part of the brain.
The hypothalamus contains many areas that control the body temperature, urge for eating and drinking, etc. Some regions of the cerebrum along with hypothalamus are involved in the regulation of sexual behaviour and expression of emotional reactions such as excitement, pleasure, fear, etc.
Midbrain
It has regions that are concerned with the sense of sight and hearing. Some regions of the midbrain transmit motor impulses to the limbs.
Hindbrain
Most involuntary actions such as heart beat, blood pressure, movement of food in the alimentary canal, salivation, etc. are controlled by the midbrain and hindbrain. All these involuntary actions are controlled by the medulla of the hindbrain.
The cerebellum, which is a part of the hindbrain, is responsible for maintaining the posture and equilibrium of the body. It also coordinates the contraction of voluntary muscles, according to the directions of the cerebrum.
Protection to the brain
The brain, being an important organ, requires protection. Therefore, it is enclosed in a bony box called the cranium. The brain inside the brain box is also surrounded by a fluid-like material, which acts as shock absorber and thus, provides further protection to the brain. Spinal chord is protected by a bony, vertical rod with several curves called the vertebral column.
Some interesting facts:
Do you know that the brain transmits messages at a rate of 240 miles per hour?
There are 10 million nerve cells in our brain.
Do you know that the brain uses more than 25% of the oxygen used by the human body?
As compared to other animals, the ant has the largest brain in relation to its body.
The brain is the main coordinating centre of the body. It is a part of the nervous system, which controls and monitors every organ of the body.
The nervous system is divided into - central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS consists of the brain and spinal chord while the PNS consists of the nerves that connect the central nervous system to different parts of the body.
The central nervous system receives information from all parts of the body and also sends information to the muscles. Communication between the CNSand body parts is facilitated by the nerves of PNS.
Different regions of the brain
The brain is divisible into three main regions—forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain.
Forebrain
It is the main thinking part of the brain. It consists of the cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus.
The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and constitutes four-fifth of its weight. The forebrain has sensory regions, which receive sensory impulses from various receptors. It also has motor regions, which control the movement of various muscles such as leg muscles. There are separate areas in the forebrain specialized for hearing, smelling, seeing, general sensations such as pain, touch, taste, etc. A certain part of the cerebrum primarily controls intelligence, learning, memory, thinking, and the ability to articulate speech. The forebrain is also known as the main thinking part of the brain.
The hypothalamus contains many areas that control the body temperature, urge for eating and drinking, etc. Some regions of the cerebrum along with hypothalamus are involved in the regulation of sexual behaviour and expression of emotional reactions such as excitement, pleasure, fear, etc.
Midbrain
It has regions that are concerned with the sense of sight and hearing. Some regions of the midbrain transmit motor impulses to the limbs.
Hindbrain
Most involuntary actions such as heart beat, blood pressure, movement of food in the alimentary canal, salivation, etc. are controlled by the midbrain and hindbrain. All these involuntary actions are controlled by the medulla of the hindbrain.
The cerebellum, which is a part of the hindbrain, is responsible for maintaining the posture and equilibrium of the body. It also coordinates the contraction of voluntary muscles, according to the directions of the cerebrum.
Protection to the brain
The brain, being an important organ, requires protection. Therefore, it is enclosed in a bony box called the cranium. The brain inside the brain box is also surrounded by a fluid-like material, which acts as shock absorber and thus, provides further protection to the brain. Spinal chord is protected by a bony, vertical rod with several curves called the vertebral column.
Some interesting facts:
Do you know that the brain transmits messages at a rate of 240 miles per hour?
There are 10 million nerve cells in our brain.
Do you know that the brain uses more than 25% of the oxygen used by the human body?
As compared to other animals, the ant has the largest brain in relation to its body.
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